近年来，校园霸凌事件频发，一连串悲剧的发生令人痛心，也引发深思。遇到校园霸凌时，应该怎么做呢？ 🤔️小作业： 1. What was a common theme in the responses from celebrities and the public to Keaton's video? A) Offers to participate in anti-bullying campaigns. B) Criticism of the school's handling of bullying. C) Expressions of support and shared personal experiences. D) Calls for legislative changes to address bullying. 2. What does the article imply about the prevalence and impact of bullying? A) It is a minor issue that rarely affects children deeply. B) It is a significant issue that can lead to tragic outcomes. C) It has been eradicated thanks to new policies. D) It is present in certain regions and not a widespread problem.无 注释原文： A Nation Answers a Sobbing Boy's Plea: 'Why Do They Bully?' From: The New York Times, Dec. 11, 2017 When Kimberly Jones picked up her son, Keaton, from school in the Knoxville, Tennessee, area last week, he asked her to record a video of him in the car. Keaton was going home early — not for the first time, Kimberly Jones said — because he was afraid to have lunch at school. Classmates, he told his mother, had poured milk on him and stuffed ham in his clothes. “They make fun of my nose,” he said in the video, which Jones posted on Facebook on Friday with a plea for parents to talk to their children about bullying. “They call me ugly. They say I have no friends.” “Why do they bully? What's the point of it? Why do you find joy in taking innocent people and finding a way to be mean to them?” he asked, sobbing. He added: “People that are different don't need to be criticized about it. It's not their fault.” By Sunday evening, the video had been viewed 20 million times on Facebook alone, bringing attention to the stubborn problem of childhood bullying — and a flood of support for Keaton. Much ink has been spilled about bullying in the internet age, but Keaton's video underscored that the old-fashioned variety — the cafeteria taunts, the physical violence — is still very much alive. Thousands of people, including many celebrities, wrote on social media that they, too, had been bullied and urged Keaton to stay strong. Delanie Walker, a tight end for the Tennessee Titans, offered Keaton and his family tickets to the team's New Year's Eve game against the Jacksonville Jaguars. In a short video, he read a poem attributed to Buddha and told Keaton, “You can be whoever you want to be.” Actor LeVar Burton assured Keaton he was “not alone.” Chris Evans, who plays Captain America, offered tickets to the Los Angeles premiere of next year's “Avengers” movie. Keaton even got a message from Luke Skywalker. “They're just jealous because you're so smart & handsome,” Mark Hamill, who plays Skywalker in the “Star Wars” movies, tweeted. Jones had posted Saturday that she could not keep up with the thousands of messages pouring in. “At the end of the day, this isn't new for us, & we still have to truck on thru the day to day,” she wrote, adding, “I'm humbled by the voice my boy has been given, but he's still just a little boy, & he's a little boy who desperately wants acceptance.” Public attention to bullying tends to come in waves, surging around cases like Keaton's before falling off again. In some well-publicized cases in recent years, bullying has been so vicious that victims have killed themselves. Multiple studies, including a 2008 review by researchers at Yale and another published in JAMA Pediatrics in 2014, have found a connection between bullying and suicide. In his video, through his tears, Keaton told viewers: “If you are made fun of, just don't let it bother you. Stay strong, I guess.” “It'll probably get better one day,” he said, sounding unconvinced. - ◆ - 注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考 含注释全文： A Nation Answers aSobbingBoy'sPlea: 'Why Do They Bully?' From: The New York Times, Dec. 11, 2017 When Kimberly Jones picked up her son, Keaton, from school in the Knoxville, Tennessee, area last week, he asked her to record a video of him in the car. 当金伯莉·琼斯（Kimberly Jones）在上周从田纳西州诺克斯维尔地区的学校接回儿子基顿（Keaton）时，他请她帮忙在车内拍摄了一段视频。 sob sob /sɒb/ 表示“呜咽，抽泣，抽噎”，英文解释为“to cry noisily, taking in deep breaths”举个🌰：You're not going to help matters by lying there sobbing! 你躺在那里哭并不能解决问题！ plea plea /pliː/ 1）表示“恳求，恳请”，英文解释为“an urgent and emotional request”举个🌰：He made a plea for help/mercy. 他恳求得到帮助/宽恕。 2）表示“申诉”，英文解释为“the answer that a person gives in court when they have been accused of committing a crime”举个🌰：He entered a plea of not guilty. 他提出了无罪申诉。 📍guilty plea在法律语境中指的是一个人在法庭上承认自己犯有被控的罪行。这通常是作为一种策略，以期望获得比较轻的刑罚或者避免更严重的罪名的指控。 Keaton was going home early — not for the first time, Kimberly Jones said — because he was afraid to have lunch at school. Classmates, he told his mother, had poured milk on him andstuffed hamin his clothes. 基顿是提前回的家——金伯莉·琼斯说，这不是第一次了——因为他不敢在学校吃午餐。他告诉妈妈，同学们往他的身上倒过牛奶，还往他的衣服里塞过火腿。 stuff stuff /stʌf/ 作动词，表示“装满，填满，塞满”，英文解释为“to completely fill a container with something”举个🌰：Under her bed, they found a bag stuffed with money. 他们在她床下找到了一个装满钞票的袋子。 ham ham /hæm/ 表示“火腿”，英文解释为“pig's meat from the leg or shoulder, preserved with salt or smoke” “They make fun of my nose,” he said in the video, which Jones posted on Facebook on Friday with a plea for parents to talk to their children aboutbullying. “They call me ugly. They say I have no friends.” “他们取笑我的鼻子，”他在视频中说道，琼斯在周五时把这个视频发在了Facebook上，还请求父母们与孩子们谈谈霸凌问题。“他们说我丑。他们说我没有朋友。” bully bullying /ˈbʊl.i.ɪŋ/ 表示“伤害；胁迫；欺负，欺凌”，英文解释为“the behaviour of a person who hurts or frightens someone smaller or less powerful, often forcing that person to do something they do not want to do”举个🌰：Bullying is a problem in many schools. 霸凌在许多学校都是一个问题。 📍bully /ˈbʊl.i/ 作名词，表示“恃强凌弱者，以大欺小者”，英文解释为“someone who hurts or frightens someone who is smaller or less powerful, often forcing them to do something that they do not want to do”举个🌰：You're just a big bully! 你欺负人！ bully作动词，表示“伤害；胁迫；欺负，欺凌”，英文解释为“to hurt or frighten someone who is smaller or less powerful than you, often forcing that person to do something they do not want to do”举个🌰：Our survey indicates that one in four children is bullied at school. 我们的调查表明，有四分之一的孩子在学校受人欺负。 “Why do they bully? What's the point of it? Why do you find joy in taking innocent people and finding a way to be mean to them?” he asked, sobbing. He added: “People that are different don't need to be criticized about it. It's not their fault.” “他们为什么霸凌别人？这有什么意义呢？为什么你们会觉得，欺负无辜的人，想尽办法刻薄地对他们，会是件乐事呢？”他抽泣着问道。他还说：“人们不应该因为与别人不同就受到批评。这不是他们的错。” By Sunday evening, the video had been viewed 20 million times on Facebook alone, bringing attention to thestubbornproblem of childhood bullying — and a flood of support for Keaton. 截至周日晚上，这个视频仅在Facebook上就已有了超过2000万次的浏览量，使儿童霸凌这个顽疾受到了关注——也使基顿获得了潮涌般的支持。 stubborn stubborn /ˈstʌb.ən/ 1）表示“顽固的，执拗的，倔强的”，英文解释为“A stubborn person is determined to do what he or she wants and refuses to do anything else.”举个🌰：They have huge arguments because they're both so stubborn. 他们俩吵得很凶，因为他们两个人都很固执。 2）表示“难移动的；难改变的；难对付的”，英文解释为“Things that are stubborn are difficult to move, change, or deal with.” Much ink has been spilledabout bullying in the internet age, but Keaton's videounderscoredthat theold-fashionedvariety — the cafeteriataunts, the physical violence — is still very much alive. 在互联网时代，已经有太多关于霸凌的讨论，但基顿的视频的重点在于，老一套的花样——食堂里的奚落嘲笑、身体暴力——依然十分常见。 much ink has been spilled Much ink has been spilled是一个比喻性短语，字面意思是已经有大量的文章、评论或讨论被写出来，通常用来指某个话题已经被广泛地讨论或分析。这个表达来自于过去用墨水手写文稿的时代，形象地描绘了关于某个主题的大量文字工作。 📍写作表达积累：这个短语可以用来强调一个议题的重要性或其引起的广泛关注，同时也可能暗示该话题已被大量讨论。例如，在引入气候变化的话题时，可以说：Much ink has been spilled on the subject of climate change, yet new perspectives continue to emerge, suggesting the complexity and evolving nature of this global challenge.气候变化已是个热议话题，但新观点仍不断涌现，这表明了这一全球性挑战的复杂性和不断发展的特性。 underscore underscore /ˌʌn.dəˈskɔːr/ 表示“突出显示；强调”，英文解释为“If something such as an action or an event underscores another, it draws attention to the other thing and emphasizes its importance.”举个🌰：The figures underscore the state of the economic recovery.数据突出显示了经济复苏的状态。 🎬电影《笔下求生》（Stranger Than Fiction）中的台词提到：lts desperate attempts to escape... only underscore the hopelessness of its plight. 它绝望的挣扎 只能强调它无望的处境。 old-fashioned old-fashioned /ˌəʊldˈfæʃ.ənd/ 表示“旧式的；老式的；过时的；老派的”，英文解释为“not modern; belonging to or typical of a time in the past”如：old-fashioned clothes/ideas/furniture 过时的衣服/观点/家具。 taunt taunt /tɔːnt/ 可以作名词，也可作动词，表示“嘲笑；羞辱”，英文解释为“If someone taunts you, they say unkind or insulting things to you, especially about your weaknesses or failures.”举个🌰：A gang taunted a disabled man. 一帮混混儿羞辱了一个残疾人。 Thousands of people, including many celebrities, wrote on social media that they, too, had been bullied and urged Keaton to stay strong. 包括许多明星在内的成千上万人在社交媒体上写道，他们也曾遭遇过霸凌，并给基顿打气。 Delanie Walker, atight endfor the Tennessee Titans, offered Keaton and his family tickets to the team's New Year's Eve game against the Jacksonville Jaguars. In a short video, he read a poemattributedto Buddha and told Keaton, “You can be whoever you want to be.” 田纳西泰坦队（Tennessee Titans）的近端锋德兰尼·沃克（Delanie Walker）愿意给基顿和他的家人送出球队在新年夜对战杰克逊维尔美洲虎队（Jacksonville Jaguars）的比赛门票。在一个短视频中，他念了一首据称为佛陀所作的诗，并告诉基顿，“你可以活成你自己希望的样子。” tight end 近端锋（Tight end，TE）是美式橄榄球中进攻组的一个位置。列队于左或右截锋之外的一名球员，叫做近端锋，其角色较为多样。 📍《时代》2023年度人物：泰勒·斯威夫特提到：Professionally she killed it in 2023, and personally she started dating startight endTravis Kelce. 从其职业生涯看，她在2023年大红大紫，而个人生活中，她则开始与美式橄榄球进攻端球星特拉维斯·凯尔斯（Travis Kelce）约会。 attribute attribute /əˈtrɪb.juːt/ 表示“特性，特质，属性”，英文解释为“a quality or feature, especially one that is considered to be good or useful”举个🌰：What attributes should a good manager possess? 一名优秀的经理应该具备哪些素质？ 作动词，attribute sth to sb/sth 表示“把…归因于…；认为…由…生产；认为…是…所为；将（某种特质）归属于（某人）；认为（某人）有（某种特性）”，英文解释为“to say or think that something is the result or work of something or someone else；to think that someone or something has a particular quality or feature”举个🌰：The doctors haveattributed the cause of the illness to an unknown virus. 医生们认为这种疾病是由一种未知的病毒引起的。I wouldn't dream ofattributing such a lack of judgment to you. 我做梦都想不到你会如此缺乏判断力。 Actor LeVar BurtonassuredKeaton he was “not alone.” Chris Evans, who plays Captain America, offered tickets to the Los Angelespremiereof next year's “Avengers” movie. 演员莱瓦尔·伯顿（LeVar Burton）向基顿保证，他“并不孤单。”《美国队长》的扮演者克里斯·伊文斯（Chris Evans）愿意送出明年的“复仇者联盟”电影在洛杉矶的首映礼入场券。 assure assure /əˈʃɔːr/ 表示“（尤指为消除其忧虑而）确定地对…说，向…保证，使确信；让…放心”，英文解释为“to tell someone confidently that something is true, especially so that they do not worry”举个🌰：She assured him (that) the car would be ready the next day. 她向他保证说他的车第二天就能修好。 premiere premiere /ˈprem.i.eər/ /prɪˈmɪr/ 可以作动词和名词，表示“首映，首演，首次上演/映”，英文解释为“the first public performance of a play or any other type of entertainment“。 📍这里要注意的是这个词去掉末尾的 e 就变成了 premier“首相，总理”；另外，premier作为形容词则表示“首位的，首要的”（best or most important），举个🌰：He's one of the nation's premier scientists. 他是该国最重要的科学家之一。 Keaton even got a message from Luke Skywalker. 基顿甚至还收到了天行者卢克（Luke Skywalker）的消息。 “They're just jealous because you're so smart & handsome,” Mark Hamill, who plays Skywalker in the “Star Wars” movies, tweeted. “他们只是嫉妒你那么聪明又那么帅气，”《星球大战》中天行者卢克的扮演者马克·哈米尔（Mark Hamill）发推说。 Jones had posted Saturday that she could not keep up with the thousands of messages pouring in. 琼斯周六时发帖称，自己无法应对蜂拥而至的成千上万条消息。 “At the end of the day, this isn't new for us, & we still have to truck on thru the day to day,” she wrote, adding, “I'mhumbledby the voice my boy has been given, but he's still just a little boy, & he's a little boy whodesperatelywants acceptance.” “到头来，这对我们都并不新鲜，我们也还得一天天继续我们的生活，”她写道，并且“我很感激大家如此倾听我儿子的声音，但他终究只是个小男孩，他还是一个迫切希望得到认可的小男孩。” humble humble /ˈhʌm.bəl/ 作形容词，表示“谦虚的，谦逊的”，英文解释为“not proud or not believing that you are important”举个🌰：He's very humble about his success. 他对自己的成功十分谦虚。 作动词，表示“使…感到自惭”，英文解释为“to make someone understand that they are not as important or special as they thought”举个🌰：He was humbled by the child's generosity. 那个孩子的宽宏大量使他自惭形秽。 desperately desperately /ˈdes.pər.ət.li/ 1）表示“非常；极其”，英文解释为“extremely or very much”举个🌰：He was desperately ill. 他病得很重。 2）表示“（因绝望而）拼命地；孤注一掷地”，英文解释为“in a way that shows you are frightened and ready to try anything to change a situation”举个🌰：They fought desperately for their lives. 他们为了活命而拼命搏斗。 Public attention to bullying tends to come in waves,surgingaround cases like Keaton's before falling off again. In some well-publicized cases in recent years, bullying has been soviciousthat victims have killed themselves. 公众对霸凌事件的关注往往都是一阵一阵的，类似基顿这样的事件会使关注度骤增继而平息。在近些年曝光度较高的事件中，一些霸凌事件的恶毒程度甚至导致了受害者自杀。 surge surge /sɜːdʒ/ 1）作动词，表示“急剧上升；飞涨；剧增”，英文解释为“If something surges, it increases suddenly and greatly, after being steady or developing only slowly.”举个🌰：The company's profits have surged. 公司的利润激增。 2）作名词，表示“剧增”，英文解释为“A surge is a sudden large increase in something that has previously been steady, or has only increased or developed slowly.”举个🌰：An unexpected surge in electrical power caused the computer to crash. 突然出现的电压剧增导致电脑死机。 🎬电影《雷神2：黑暗世界》（Thor: The Dark World）中的台词提到：But she will not survive the amount of energy surging within her. 但她体内涌动的能量太大 她撑不住的。 vicious vicious /ˈvɪʃ.əs/ 1）同义词是“malicious”，表示“狠毒的，恶毒的，恶意的”，英文解释为：very unkind in a way that is intended to hurt someone’s feelings or make their character seem bad. 📍vicious circle表示“恶性循环”，英文解释为：a continuing unpleasant situation, created when one problem causes another problem that then makes the first problem worse. 2）表示“严重的；剧烈的”，英文解释为“used to describe an object, condition, or remark that causes great physical or emotional pain”如：a large collection of vicious medieval torture instruments 收藏的大量中世纪的酷刑刑具。 Multiple studies, including a 2008 review by researchers at Yale and another published in JAMAPediatricsin 2014, have found a connection between bullying and suicide. 多项研究发现在霸凌和自杀之间存在关联，其中包括2008年由耶鲁大学研究人员开展的研究，以及2014年发表在《美国医学会期刊：儿科学》（JAMA Pediatrics）上的一项研究。 pediatrics pediatrics /ˌpiːdiˈætrɪks/ 美式拼写；paediatrics 英式拼写，名词，表示“儿科学”，英文解释为“the science or study of medical care for children”。 In his video, through his tears, Keaton told viewers: “If you are made fun of, just don't let it bother you. Stay strong, I guess.” 在视频中，基顿流着泪告诉观众：“如果你被人嘲笑，不要因此而受到影响。要坚强，我觉得。” “It'll probably get better one day,” he said, sounding unconvinced. “或许将来某天会好一些吧，”他说，但听起来不是很肯定。 - 词汇盘点 - sob、 plea、 stuff、 ham、 bully、 stubborn、 much ink has been spilled、 underscore、 old-fashioned、 taunt、 tight end、 attribute、 assure、 premiere、 humble、 desperately、 surge、 vicious、 pediatrics - 词汇助记 By ChatGPT - At the premiere, the humble tight end sobbed, his plea stuffed between sobs, as he recounted old-fashioned taunts from stubborn bullies. "Much ink has been spilled," he underscored, attributing his surge to assure kids in pediatrics, "Desperately fight, not with viciousness but courage."